- Mechanical Properties(adjustable by temper):
- Tensile strength: 290–630 MPa (M soft state to T extra-hard state)
- Elongation: ≥2.5% (T state) to ≥35% (M state)
- Vickers hardness: 75–175 HV
- Functional Advantages:
- Good electrical/thermal conductivity (60–90% IACS)
- Excellent cold/hot formability (suitable for stamping, bending, deep drawing)
- Corrosion resistance (stable in air, fresh water, and mild chemical environments)


